Geochemical characteristics and genesis of element enrichment of niobium-rich-rare earth metal layer in Longtan Formation of Zhina coalfield

Authors

DING Yunlong, 142 Team, Coal Mine Exploration Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, ChinaFollow
WANG Fangfa, 142 Team, Coal Mine Exploration Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, ChinaFollow
LI Bi, 142 Team, Coal Mine Exploration Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
TANG Lifang, 142 Team, Coal Mine Exploration Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
YANG Yi, 142 Team, Coal Mine Exploration Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
LI Shangyuan, 142 Team, Coal Mine Exploration Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
WANG Xiaofang, 142 Team, Coal Mine Exploration Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
ZOU Yinhong, 142 Team, Coal Mine Exploration Bureau of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
WANG Yang, School of Resources and Earth Sciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

Abstract

Background With the increasing demand for strategic metals and the gradual depletion of traditional metal deposit resources, coal and coal-bearing rock series are considered to be potential sources of rare metals, and coal series associated has become one of the main directions of current mineral exploration. A set of coal measure strata rich in niobium (Nb) and rare earth elements (REE) has been found in Zhina coalfield, western Guizhou and the contents of Nb and REE are as high as 334.89 μg/g and 1014.51 μg/g, respectively. This discovery is of great significance to the theoretical study of coal measure metal deposits. Methods The Longtan Formation coal measures in Zhina coalfield were selected as the research object. Industrial analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive Spectrum (SEM-EDS), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used to analyze the geochemical characteristics of coal-bearing strata rich in Nb and REE in Zhina coalfield, and the enrichment and genesis of key metal elements in coal-bearing strata were discussed in depth. Results and Conclusions (1) Coal measures belong to anthracite with low moisture, low-medium ash, low volatile and medium-high sulfur. The minerals in coal are mainly composed of pyrite, clay minerals and quartz, and sphalerite and anatase are also found. The major elements are mainly SiO₂ and Al₂O₃, and the contents of Fe₂O₃, MgO and TiO₂ are high. (2) Compared with the average trace elements in the world's coals, the coal-bearing strata are enriched in key metal elements such as Nb, Ta (tantalum), Zr (zirconium), Hf (hafnium) and REE. Vertically, the key metal elements of No.9 coal seam are the most enriched in the coal seam. On the plane, the content of key metal elements in the study area has a trend of gradually increasing from south to north. The type of rare earth elements in Zhina coalfield coal is light rare earth enrichment type, and the degree of light and heavy rare earth fractionation is high. Furthermore, the negative anomalies of δEu and δCe suggest a relatively stable terrestrial input, and the coal-formi sedimentary environment was dominated by aroxic conditions with minor redox condition fluctuation during diagenesis. (3) Through the analysis of inactive elements and REE provenance tracing, the key metal-enriched materials in the coal measure strata of Longtan Formation in Zhina coalfield are derived from the weathered debris of Emeishan high-titanium basalt and top intermediate-acid rock in Kangdian ancient land, and are also affected by the input of co-deposited alkaline volcanic ash and felsic volcanic ash. At the same time, the key metal elements in coal form Nb(Ta)-Zr(Hf)-REY polymetallic mineralization enrichment layer under the common constraints of material source and sedimentary environment.

Keywords

geochemical characteristics, Nb, rare earth elements (REEs), material source, Emeishan basalt, enrichment mode, Permian, Longtan Formation, Zhina coalfield

DOI

10.12363/issn.1001-1986.25.03.0196

Recommended Citation

DING Yunlong, WANG Fangfa, LI Bi, et al. (2025) "Geochemical characteristics and genesis of element enrichment of niobium-rich-rare earth metal layer in Longtan Formation of Zhina coalfield," Coal Geology & Exploration: Vol. 53: Iss. 8, Article 10.
DOI: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.25.03.0196
Available at: https://cge.researchcommons.org/journal/vol53/iss8/10

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