Dynamic simulations and applicability evaluation of novel perforation techniques

Authors

BI Gang, College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Well and Reservoir Seepage and Rock Mechanics, Xi’an 710065, ChinaFollow
YUAN Peijie, College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
HAN Fei, College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
FU Shuaishuai, College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
WU Jiemin, College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
MA Ying, College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China

Abstract

The development and improvement of perforated completion techniques hold great practical significance and value for efficient testing and exploitation of oil and gas fields. However, conventional shaped-charge perforation for well completion of low-permeability reservoirs (e.g., low-permeability coal seams) suffered high seepage resistance and reduced productivity due to the presence of compaction damage zones. To achieve enhanced exploitation efficiency of low-permeability reservoirs, novel perforation techniques, including self-cleaning and after-effect perforation, have been proposed. However, their perforation performance and applicability remain ambiguous. Based on the explicit time integration algorithm and fluid-structure interaction mechanism of LS-DYNA, this study proposed a method for finite element modeling of dynamic perforation simulations involving strata, cement sheaths, casings, and perforation charges. For self-cleaning and after-effect perforation techniques, this study developed a dynamic numerical simulation scheme, constructed finite element simulation models, and conducted dynamic simulations. Finally, based on numerical simulation results, this study analyzed the applicability of the two perforation techniques. Key findings of this study are as follows: (1) Compared to the conventional perforation technique, self-cleaning and after-effect perforation techniques exhibit decreased perforation depths but enlarged perforation diameters, which increased by approximately 15%. (2) The perforation depth and diameter were inversely proportional to compressive strength, elastic modulus, confining pressure, and directly proportional to porosity. Meanwhile, negative pressures posed minor effects on individual perforation performance. (3) For medium-porosity, low-permeability hydrocarbon reservoirs and those with low porosity and low permeability, self-cleaning and after effect perforation techniques increased the perforation channel volume by about 9.55% and 12.23%, respectively compared to conventional perforation, suggesting outstanding perforation performance. The findings of this study will provide theoretical support for the design and application of self-cleaning and after effect perforation techniques, thus holding great significance for the development of both techniques and their application to low-permeability reservoirs (e.g., low-permeability coal seams) for production growth of oil and gas wells.

Keywords

self-cleaning perforation, after-effect perforation, dynamic simulation, LS-DYNA, applicability analysis

DOI

10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.12.0861

Recommended Citation

BI Gang, YUAN Peijie, HAN Fei, et al. (2024) "Dynamic simulations and applicability evaluation of novel perforation techniques," Coal Geology & Exploration: Vol. 52: Iss. 5, Article 8.
DOI: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.12.0861
Available at: https://cge.researchcommons.org/journal/vol52/iss5/8

Reference

[1] 马英文，韩耀图. 中国海上油田射孔技术应用现状及展望[J]. 中国海上油气，2020，32(6)：108−115.

MA Yingwen，HAN Yaotu. Status and prospect of perforating technology in China offshore oilfields[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas，2020，32(6)：108−115.

[2] 吴焕龙，唐凯，彭科普，等. 聚能射孔弹侵彻应力砂岩穿深预测[J]. 钻采工艺，2020，43(2)：135−138.

WU Huanlong，TANG Kai，PENG Kepu，et al. Prediction of penetration depth for shaped perforating bullets through stressed sandstone[J]. Drilling & Production Technology，2020，43(2)：135−138.

[3] 闫炎，管志川，阎卫军，等. 射孔过程中井筒力学响应与完整性失效研究[J]. 石油机械，2022，50(7)：1−9.

YAN Yan，GUAN Zhichuan，YAN Weijun，et al. Mechanical response and integrity failure of wellbore during perforation[J]. China Petroleum Machinery，2022，50(7)：1−9.

[4] 李中，文敏，邱浩，等. 海上油气田双层套管射孔动力学响应规律分析[J]. 石油机械，2022，50(9)：93−99.

LI Zhong，WEN Min，QIU Hao，et al. Analysis on dynamic response of double casing perforation in offshore oil and gas fields[J]. China Petroleum Machinery，2022，50(9)：93−99.

[5] 窦益华，徐浩，李明飞. 超深井下射孔弹侵彻超强砂岩的ALE仿真[J]. 应用力学学报，2022，39(5)：901−907.

DOU Yihua，XU Hao，LI Mingfei. ALE simulation of ultra deep downhole perforating projectile penetrating super strong sandstone[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics，2022，39(5)：901−907.

[6] YI Jianya，WANG Zhijun，YIN Jianping，et al. Simulation study on expansive jet formation characteristics of polymer liner[J]. Materials，2019，12(5)：744.

[7] 刘献博，李军，高德伟，等. 考虑射孔初始损伤的套管强度失效数值研究[J]. 石油机械，2023，51(10)：127−135.

LIU Xianbo，LI Jun，GAO Dewei，et al. Numerical study on casing strength failure considering initial perforation damage[J]. China Petroleum Machinery，2023，51(10)：127−135.

[8] 何涛. 基于ALE有限元法的流固耦合强耦合数值模拟[J]. 力学学报，2018，50(2)：395−404.

HE Tao. A partitioned strong coupling algorithm for fluid–structure interaction using arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian finite element formulation[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics，2018，50(2)：395−404.

[9] 吴鹏. 掠飞攻顶状态下聚能战斗部侵彻机理及仿真研究[D]. 太原：中北大学，2018.

WU Peng. The penetration mechanism and simulation study of shaped warhead in the state of skimming to attack the top[D]. Taiyuan：North University of China，2018.

[10] FRINK MARRS，MIKE HEIGES. Soil modeling for mine blast simulation[C]//13th International LS–DYNA Conference. Deanborn：2014.

[11] LEE S G，BAEK Y，LEE I H，et al. Numerical simulation of 2D sloshing by using ALE2D technique of LS–DYNA and CCUP methods[C]//Proceedings of the Twentieth (2010) International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference. Beijing：2010.

[12] RIEDEL W，THOMA K，HIERMAISER S. Penetration of reinforced concrete BETA–B–500 numerical analysis using a macroscopic concrete model for hydrocodes[C]//9th International Symposium Interaction of the Effect of Munitions with Structures. 1999.

[13] 张雄，廉艳平，刘岩，等. 物质点法[M]. 北京：清华大学出版社，2013，175.

[14] 李洪超. 岩石RHT模型理论及主要参数确定方法研究[D]. 北京：中国矿业大学(北京)，2016.

LI Hongchao. The study of the rock RHT model and to determine the values of main parameters[D]. Beijing：China University of Mining & Technology，Beijing，2016.

[15] 王一雯，郑成，吴卫国. 弹性楔形体入水砰击载荷及结构响应的理论计算与数值模拟研究[J]. 2021，41(11)：100–115.

WANG Yiwen，ZHENG Cheng，WU Weiguo. On slamming load and structural response of a flexible wedge via analytical methods and numerical simulations[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves，2021，41(11)：100–115.

[16] 綦民辉，孙伟，王倩，等. 射孔参数对薄煤层群压裂起裂的影响研究[J]. 石油钻采工艺，2020，42(6)：745−751.

QI Minhui，SUN Wei，WANG Qian，et al. Influences of perforation parameters on the fracture initiation in thin coal bed groups[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology，2020，42(6)：745−751.

[17] 亢方亮，盛选禹. 射孔弹侵彻套管三维有限元模拟[J]. 科学技术与工程，2011，11(27)：6588−6593.

KANG Fangliang，SHENG Xuanyu. 3 dimensional finite element simulation on perforating casing of peroration bullet[J]. Science Technology and Engineering，2011，11(27)：6588−6593.

[18] 陈鹏辉，雷涛. 基于ALE算法的单孔台阶爆破数值模拟研究[J]. 有色金属(矿山部分)，2016，68(1)：72−76.

CHEN Penghui，LEI Tao. Numerical simulation of single hole bench blasting based on ALE method[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mining Section)，2016，68(1)：72−76.