A method for suppressing casing coupling noise in VSP data based on morphological component analysis of characteristic waves

Authors

PAN Long, Institute of Geophysics, Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oil Field Branch Company, China National Petroleum Corp., Urumchi 830013, ChinaFollow
MAO Haibo, Institute of Geophysics, Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oil Field Branch Company, China National Petroleum Corp., Urumchi 830013, China
JIANG Li, Institute of Geophysics, Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oil Field Branch Company, China National Petroleum Corp., Urumchi 830013, China
HU Keyang, Institute of Geophysics, Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oil Field Branch Company, China National Petroleum Corp., Urumchi 830013, China
DANG Zhimin, Institute of Geophysics, Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oil Field Branch Company, China National Petroleum Corp., Urumchi 830013, China
CHEN Wenchao, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaFollow

Abstract

During the acquisition of vertical seismic profile (VSP) data, coupling noise between casing strings frequently emerges due to poor well cementing or the presence of cement annulus between multiple casing layers. This type of noise features high energy, a wide spatial influence range, and slow attenuation. Furthermore, it overlaps effective signals in multiple domains, such as the time and frequency domains. Therefore, casing coupling noise severely affects the signal-to-noise ratio of VSP data. This study first introduces the basic theory of Morphological Component Analysis (MCA). Then, it conducts a comparative analysis of the distribution of effective signals and casing coupling noise in the time, frequency, and time-frequency domains. Subsequently, this study processes the VSP data as a combination of effective signals, casing coupling noise, and random noise through modeling. Finally, it proposes a MCA-based method for suppressing casing coupling noise mixed in the VSP data. In this method, corresponding overcomplete dictionaries are constructed utilizing the tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (a sparse representation dictionary for effective signals) and the cosine transform (a sparse representation dictionary for the casing coupling noise). Then, the block coordinate relaxation method is employed to suppress the casing coupling noise in the VSP data. As indicated by the processing results of actual VSP data, the method proposed in this study enjoys high adaptability to the changes in the energy and frequency-domain distribution zones of casing coupling noise. Furthermore, it exhibits high fidelity to effective signals while significantly suppressing such noise.

Keywords

Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP), signal-noise separation, waveform morphological analysis, casing coupling noise

DOI

10.12363/issn.1001-1986.22.12.0960

Recommended Citation

PAN Long, MAO Haibo, JIANG Li, et al. (2023) "A method for suppressing casing coupling noise in VSP data based on morphological component analysis of characteristic waves," Coal Geology & Exploration: Vol. 51: Iss. 7, Article 20.
DOI: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.22.12.0960
Available at: https://cge.researchcommons.org/journal/vol51/iss7/20

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