Revealing the upper crustal structure in the Fujian region using deep seismic profiling

Authors

LI Pei, Fujian Earthquake Agency, Fuzhou 350001, ChinaFollow
REN Congrong, Fujian Earthquake Agency, Fuzhou 350001, China
LI Haiyan, Fujian Earthquake Agency, Fuzhou 350001, China; Xiamen Institute of Marine Earthquake, China Earthquake Administration, Xiamen 361116, China
WANG Shanxiong, Fujian Earthquake Agency, Fuzhou 350001, China

Abstract

The Fujian region, located along the southeastern margin of the Chinese continent, constitutes an active tectonic belt along the coastal area in southeast China, with complex formation and evolution histories. To understand the characteristics of upper crustal structures and basement structures in the Fujian, this study collected the Pg travel time data from four NE-trending deep seismic sounding (DSS) survey lines in the region. Employing finite-difference tomography, this study obtained the fine-scale velocity structure of the upper crust along the four profiles, revealing the lateral variations in the upper crustal velocity structure, basement structures, and shallow fault characteristics in the region. Key findings are as follows: (1) The velocities along the four profiles range between 4700 and 6100 m/s, gradually increasing from west to east. They exhibit noticeable lateral variations in basement velocities on either side of tectonic unit boundaries. (2) The burial depth of crystalline basement interface along the four profiles varies between 1.0 and 6.0 km, deepening from north to south. The undulations in the basement surface correspond to the structural uplifts and depressions. (3) The upper structures in the uplift zone in northwest Fujian exhibit overall high velocities and shallow burial depths, which are related to the metamorphic basement. (4) Regarding the upper crust in the depression zone in southwest Fujian, its structures exhibit significant variations velocities, and its interface morphology displays alternating patterns of deep and shallow parts. These correspond to the geological structures characterized by fault basins and depressions interlacing with uplifts in the region. (5) The upper crust of the Mesozoic magmatic zone along the coastal area in southeast China exhibits high and greatly varying velocities, indicating that stronger tectonic activity in the eastern part of South China Continent compared to its western part; (6) The NW-trending fault zone where the DSS profiles pass through cut through the basement, showing dominant strikes consistent with those of the geological structures and tectonic deformations in Fujian. This finding reflects the NW-directed subduction-collision compression from the Paleo-Pacific Plate. These findings provide shallow seismic evidence for obtaining significant depth relationships of NW-trending structures along the coastal area in southeast China.

Keywords

Fujian region, deep seismic sounding profile, finite-difference tomography, upper crustal structure, southeast coast

DOI

10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.10.0673

Recommended Citation

LI Pei, REN Congrong, LI Haiyan, et al. (2023) "Revealing the upper crustal structure in the Fujian region using deep seismic profiling," Coal Geology & Exploration: Vol. 51: Iss. 12, Article 17.
DOI: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.23.10.0673
Available at: https://cge.researchcommons.org/journal/vol51/iss12/17

Reference

[1] 马杏垣. 中国岩石圈动力学概要. 1∶400万中国及邻近海域岩石圈动力学图说明书[M]. 北京：地质出版社，1987.

[2] 滕吉文，司芗，庄庆祥，等. 福建陆缘壳幔异常结构与深部热储潜能分析[J]. 科学技术与工程，2017，17(17)：6−38.

TENG Jiwen，SI Xiang，ZHUANG Qingxiang，et al. Abnormal structure of crust and mantle and analysis of deep thermal potential in Fujian continental margin[J]. Science Technology and Engineering，2017，17(17)：6−38.

[3] 任纪舜，陈廷愚，牛宝贵，等. 中国东部及邻区大陆岩石圈的构造演化与成矿[M]. 北京：地质出版社，1990.

[4] 丁祥焕. 福建东南沿海活动断裂与地震[M]. 福州：福建科学技术出版社，1999.

[5] 张国伟，郭安林，王岳军，等. 中国华南大陆构造与问题[J]. 中国科学：地球科学，2013，43(10)：1553−1582.

ZHANG Guowei，GUO Anlin，WANG Yuejun，et al. Tectonics of South China continent and its implications[J]. Science China：Earth Sciences，2013，43(10)：1553−1582.

[6] 叶卓，李秋生，高锐，等. 中国大陆东南缘地震接收函数与地壳和上地幔结构[J]. 地球物理学报，2013，56(9)：2947−2958.

YE Zhuo，LI Qiusheng，GAO Rui，et al. Seismic receiver functions revealing crust and upper mantle structure beneath the continental margin of southeastern China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，2013，56(9)：2947−2958.

[7] 李海艳，蔡辉腾，金星，等. 利用远震P波接收函数研究中国福建地区地壳厚度和泊松比[J]. 地球物理学报，2021，64(3)：805−822.

LI Haiyan，CAI Huiteng，JIN Xing，et al. Analysis of the crustal thickness and Poisson’s ratio in Fujian，southeast China，from teleseismic P–wave receiver functions[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，2021，64(3)：805−822.

[8] CAI Huiteng，JIN Xing，WANG Shanxiong. One–dimensional velocity structure of the crust in Fujian，Southeast China[J]. Terrastrial，Atmospheric，and Oceanic Sciences，2015，26(5)：493−502.

[9] 李培，金星，王善雄，等. 福建邵武–南平–平潭深地震测深剖面的地壳速度结构及其构造意义[J]. 中国科学：地球科学，2015，45(11)：1757−1767.

LI Pei，JIN Xing，WANG Shanxiong，et al. Crustal velocity structure of the Shaowu–Nanping–Pingtan transect through Fujian from deep seismic sounding–tectonic implications[J]. Science China：Earth Sciences，2015，45(11)：1757−1767.

[10] 蔡辉腾，金星，王善雄，等. 宁化–大田–惠安地壳构造与速度结构特征[J]. 地球物理学报，2016，59(1)：157−168.

CAI Huiteng，JIN Xing，WANG Shanxiong，et al. The crust structure and velocity structure characteristics beneath Ninghua–Datian–Hui’an[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，2016，59(1)：157−168.

[11] 姚道平，张艺峰，闫培，等. 台湾海峡大容量气枪震源海陆联测初探[J]. 地震学报，2016，38(2)：167−178.

YAO Daoping，ZHANG Yifeng，YAN Pei，et al. A preliminary exploration into onshore–offshore seimic experiment by using large volume air–gun source in Taiwan Strait[J]. Acta Seismologica Sinica，2016，38(2)：167−178.

[12] 李培，蔡辉腾，金星，等. 中国大陆东南缘主要构造带基底结构[J]. 地球物理学报，2019，62(8)：2991−3003.

LI Pei，CAI Huiteng，JIN Xing，et al. Basement structure beneath the southeastern margin in Chinese continent[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，2019，62(8)：2991−3003.

[13] 李细兵，熊振，范小平，等. 福建地区地壳上地幔顶部三维速度结构及构造意义[J]. 地震地质，2019，41(5)：1206−1222.

LI Xibing，XIONG Zhen，FAN Xiaoping，et al. The 3–D velocity structure of curst and uppermost mantle and its tectonic implications in Fujian Province[J]. Seismology and Geology，2019，41(5)：1206−1222.

[14] CAI Huiteng，CHEN Haokuo，JIN Xing，et al. A three–dimensional Vp，Vs，and Vp/Vs crustal structure in Fujian，southeast China，from active– and passive–source experiments[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences，2015，111：517−527.

[15] 李强，吴建平. 福建地区地壳三维P波速度结构与构造含义[J]. 地震地质，2023，45(4)：970−986.

LI Qiang，WU Jianping. 3D P–wave velocity structure of crust in Fujian area and its tectonic implications[J]. Seismology and Geology，2023，45(4)：970−986.

[16] ZHANG Yayun，YAO Huajian，XU Min，et al. Upper mantle shear wave velocity structure of southeastern China：Seismic evidence for magma activities in the late Mesozoic to the Cenozoic[J]. Geochemistry，Geophysics，Geosystems，2020，21(8)：e2020GC009103.

[17] LIN Jiyan，XU Tao，CAI Huiteng，et al. Crustal velocity structure of Cathaysia Block from an active–source seismic profile between Wanzai and Hui’an in SE China[J]. Tectonophysics，2021，811：228874.

[18] ZHANG Yongqian，SHI Danian，LYU Qingtian，et al. A fine crustal structure and geodynamics revealed by receiver functions along the Guangchang–Putian line in the Cathaysia Block，South China[J]. Tectonophysics，2021，815：229007.

[19] 蔡辉腾，金星，王善雄. 基于人工地震测深数据建立地壳一维速度结构[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学，2015，35(2)：267−272.

CAI Huiteng，JIN Xing，WANG Shanxiong. Establishment of crust 1D velocity structure based on artificial earthquake sounding data[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics，2015，35(2)：267−272.

[20] VIDALE J E. Finite–difference traveltime calculation[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America，1999，78(6)：2062−2076.

[21] VIDALE J E. Finite–difference calculation of traveltimes in three dimensions[J]. Geophysics，1990，55(5)：521−526.

[22] HOLE J A. Nonlinear high–resolution three–dimensional seismic travel time tomography[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research，1992，97(B5)：6553−6562.

[23] HOLE J A，KLEMPERER S L，PARSONS T，et al. Three–dimensional seismic velocity structure of the San Francisco Bay area[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research，2000，105(B6)：13859−13873.

[24] 王椿镛，张先康，丁志峰，等. 大别造山带上部地壳结构的有限差分层析成像[J]. 地球物理学报，1997，40(4)：495−502.

WANG Chunyong，ZHANG Xiankang，DING Zhifeng，et al. Finite–difference tomography of upper crustal structure in Dabieshan orogenic belt[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，1997，40(4)：495−502.

[25] 曹令敏，胥颐，吴时国. 腾冲地区地壳速度结构的有限差分成像[J]. 地球物理学报，2013，56(4)：1159−1167.

CAO Lingmin，XU Yi，WU Shiguo. Finite difference tomography of the crustal velocity structure in Tengchong，Yunnan Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，2013，56(4)：1159−1167.

[26] 熊绍柏，刘宏兵，王有学，等. 华南上地壳速度分布与基底、盖层构造研究[J]. 地球物理学报，2002，45(6)：784−791.

XIONG Shaobai，LIU Hongbing，WANG Youxue，et al. A study on velocity distribution in upper crust and tectonics of basement and cover in South China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，2002，45(6)：784−791.

[27] 陈世忠，黄正清，朱筱婷，等. 武夷山成矿带桃溪环形构造区典型矿床成矿背景[J]. 中国地质，2013，40(5)：1569−1582.

CHEN Shizhong，HUANG Zhengqing，ZHU Xiaoting，et al. Magmatism and ore–forming background of the main deposits in Taoxi circular structure along the Wuyishan ore belt[J]. Geology in China，2013，40(5)：1569−1582.

[28] 张旭，张达，谭捍东，等. 闽西南推覆构造控矿的地质–地球物理模型[J]. 地球科学(中国地质大学学报)，2012，37(6)：1243−1251.

ZHANG Xu，ZHANG Da，TAN Handong，et al. Geological and geophysical model of thrust controlling on iron ore deposits in the southwestern Fujian Province[J]. Earth Science (Journal of China University of Geosciences)，2012，37(6)：1243−1251.

[29] 张振杰，左仁广. 闽西南地区大地构造演化和矿床时空分布规律[J]. 岩石学报，2015，31(1)：217−229.

ZHANG Zhenjie，ZUO Renguang. Tectonic evolution of southwestern Fujian Province and spatial–temporal distribution regularity of mineral deposits[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica，2015，31(1)：217−229.

[30] 徐鸣洁，舒良树. 中国东南部晚中生代岩浆作用的深部条件制约[J]. 高校地质学报，2001，7(1)：21−33.

XU Mingjie，SHU Liangshu. Deep geological conditions constraning the Late Mesozoic magmatism in SE China[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities，2001，7(1)：21−33.

[31] 舒良树，周新民. 中国东南部晚中生代构造作用[J]. 地质论评，2002，48(3)：249−260.

SHU Liangshu，ZHOU Xinmin. Late Mesozoic tectonism of southeast China[J]. Geological Review，2002，48(3)：249−260.

[32] 廖其林，王振明，王屏路，等. 福州–泉州–汕头地区地壳结构的爆炸地震研究[J]. 地球物理学报，1988，31(3)：270−280.

LIAO Qilin，WANG Zhenming，WANG Pinglu，et al. Explosion seismic study of the crustal structure in Fuzhou–Quanzhou–Shantou region[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，1988，31(3)：270−280.

[33] 章惠芳. 中国东南沿海地区泉汕爆破深地震测深资料的再解释[J]. 中国地震，1988，4(2)：96−105.

ZHANG Huifang. Explaination for data of DSS profiles at Quanshan area in the coast of southeast China[J]. Earthquake Research in China，1988，4(2)：96−105.

[34] 金震，李山有，蔡辉腾，等. 利用气枪地震资料对福建及台湾海峡南部地壳三维P波速度结构研究[J]. 地质与勘探，2018，61(7)：2776−2787.

JIN Zhen，LI Shanyou，CAI Huiteng，et al. 3D P–wave velocity structure of crust in Fujian and the southern Taiwan Strait derived from air–gun seismic data[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，2018，61(2)：2776−2787.

[35] 朱智清，王道坤，汪伟民，等. 城市地下孤石的地震波场响应特征及其在地震层析成像中的应用研究[J]. 地质与勘探，2022，58(2)：391−399.

ZHU Zhiqing,WANG Daokun,WANG Weimin，et al. Seismic wave field response characteristics of urban underground boulders and its application in seismic tomography[J]. Geology and Exploration)，2022，58(2)：391−399.

[36] 袁玉松，马永生，胡圣标，等. 中国南方现今地热特征[J]. 地球物理学报，2006，49(4)：1118−1126.

YUAN Yusong，MA Yongsheng，HU Shengbiao，et al. Present–day geothermal characteristics in South China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，2006，49(4)：1118−1126.

[37] 许绳铭，蔡圣芬. 福建基底构造格局与火山活动关系[J]. 福建地质，1992，11(4)：288−323.

XU Shengming，CAI Shengfen. On relations between basement tectonic framework and volcanic activities in Fujian Province[J]. Geology of Fujian，1992，11(4)：288−323.

[38] 李兼海，王国平，郑铁藩，等. 福建省地层多重划分、对比研究[J]. 福建地质，1995，14(4)：203−256.

LI Jianhai，WANG Guoping，ZHENG Tiefan，et al. Study on the multiple classification and correlation of the strata in Fujian Province[J]. Geology of Fujian，1995，14(4)：203−256.

[39] 王少怀. 闽西南坳陷带中生代地质历史演化与钼矿床成矿时代[J]. 有色金属(矿山部分)，2014，66(4)：31−37.

WANG Shaohuai. Molybdenum deposit metallogenic epoch and Mesozonic geological history evolution in the depression basin of southwestern Fujian[J]. Nonferrous Metals (Mining Section)，2014，66(4)：31−37.

[40] 王培宗，陈耀安，曹宝庭，等. 福建省地壳–上地幔结构及深部构造背景的研究[J]. 福建地质，1993，12(2)：79−158.

WANG Peizong，CHEN Yaoan，CAO Baoting，et al. Crust–upper–mantle structure and deep structural setting of Fujian Province[J]. Geology of Fujian，1993，12(2)：79−158.

[41] 邓阳凡，李守林，范蔚茗，等. 深地震测深揭示的华南地区地壳结构及其动力学意义[J]. 地球物理学报，2011，54(10)：2560−2574.

DENG Yangfan，LI Shoulin，FAN Weiming，et al. Crustal structure beneath South China revealed by deep seismic soundings and its dynamics implications[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese)，2011，54(10)：2560−2574.

[42] 舒良树. 华南构造演化的基本特征[J]. 地质通报，2012，31(7)：1035−1053.

SHU Liangshu. An analysis of principal features of tectonic evolution in South China Block[J]. Geological Bulletin of China，2012，31(7)：1035−1053.

[43] 张路，曲国胜，朱金芳，等. 福建沿海盆地第四纪构造运动模式与动力学环境[J]. 地质通报，2007，26(3)：275−288.

ZHANG Lu，QU Guosheng，ZHU Jinfang，et al. Model of Quaternary tectonic movement and dynamic setting of basins along the coast of Fujian，China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China，2007，26(3)：275−288.