Optimized design and surface additive technology of PDC bit for hard rock directional drilling

Authors

WANG Chuanliu, Xi’an Research Institute Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi’an 710077, ChinaFollow
JIN Xin, Xi’an Research Institute Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi’an 710077, China; School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
GAO Xiaoliang, Xi’an Research Institute Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi’an 710077, ChinaFollow
ZHANG Peng, Xi’an Research Institute Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi’an 710077, China

Abstract

Directional long drilling is the main technical means of gas and water hazard control in coal mines, and the performance of PDC directional bit is an important factor which affects the drilling efficiency in hard rock. In view of frequent tripping and low that caused by the broken PDC bit body and PDC tooth collapse in the construction of directional long drilling in the roof and floor of coal seams, the principle of equal cutting teeth distribution is used to optimize the blade teeth distribution to reduce the impact damage of the cutter. Through the simulated analysis of fluid mechanics, the hydraulic parameters of the bit were optimized to ensure that the rock debris was discharged timely from the bottom of the hole to prevent the cutter from being damaged prematurely due to repeated cutting. Large-size abnormal teeth without cobalt were selected to improve the wear resistance and impact resistance of the cutters. The surface additive manufacturing technology of steel body bit was studied. By optimizing PTA additive manufacturing process parameters, the bit body with an abrasion resistance of a matrix bit body and the strength and toughness of a steel body was developed. The field test of the newly developed PDC directional drill bit was carried out in the water exploration and discharge hole of the floor in the north area of Guqiao Coal Mine in Huainan. The results show that when drilling in dense and hard limestone formations, the life of the two drill bits reaches 827 m and 810 m, respectively, which is greatly improved compared with the previous ø120 mm directional drill bit with an average life of 300 m. The time of auxiliary operations such as drilling up and down is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. The goal of increasing the speed and efficiency of directional long drilling in the hard layer is achieved. This study provides a new solution for the design and manufacturing process development of PDC bits for hard rock directional long drilling.

Keywords

PDC directional bit, optimum design, surface additive technology, hard rock directional drilling, Guqiao Coal Mine in Huainan

DOI

10.12363/issn.1001-1986.22.03.0130

Recommended Citation

WANG Chuanliu, JIN Xin, GAO Xiaoliang, et al. (2022) "Optimized design and surface additive technology of PDC bit for hard rock directional drilling," Coal Geology & Exploration: Vol. 50: Iss. 8, Article 19.
DOI: 10.12363/issn.1001-1986.22.03.0130
Available at: https://cge.researchcommons.org/journal/vol50/iss8/19

Reference

[1] 李浩,金新,张标. 井下大功率定向钻进装备在复杂地层中的应用[J]. 中州煤炭,2016(6):53−57. LI Hao,JIN Xin,ZHANG Biao. Application of large–power directional drilling equipment in complex formation[J]. Zhongzhou Coal,2016(6):53−57.

[2] 石智军,李泉新,姚克. 煤矿井下 1800 m水平定向钻进技术与装备[J]. 煤炭科学技术,2015,43(2):109−113. SHI Zhijun,LI Quanxin,YAO Ke. Underground mine 1800 m horizontal directional drilling technology and equipment[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(2):109−113.

[3] 徐建飞,邹德永. 喷焊技术在钢体PDC钻头表面硬化中的应用[J]. 金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2017,37(4):48−52. XU Jianfei,ZOU Deyong. Application of spray welding technology in steel body PDC bit’s surface hardening[J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2017,37(4):48−52.

[4] 彭庆林,樊湘芳. 冲头的激光表面强化[J]. 激光杂志,2004,25(4):85. PENG Qinglin,FAN Xiangfang. Laser surface strengthening of punch[J]. Laser Journal,2004,25(4):85.

[5] 郭东琼. 煤矿井下随钻测量定向钻进用PDC钻头的研制[J]. 金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2011,31(3):31−34. GUO Dongqiong. Development of PDC drill bits for MWD directional drilling in underground coal mine well[J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2011,31(3):31−34.

[6] 居培,王传留. 弧角型PDC钻头切削齿布齿模式仿真分析[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2020,48(5):240−245. JU Pei,WANG Chuanliu. Simulation of the cutter arrangement pattern of the arc PDC drill bit[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2020,48(5):240−245.

[7] 邹德永,梁尔国. 硬地层PDC钻头设计的探讨[J]. 石油机械,2004,32(9):28−31. ZOU Deyong,LIANG Erguo. Design of PDC bit for hard formation[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2004,32(9):28−31.

[8] 罗恒荣,邹德永,曹继飞,等. 导向PDC钻头设计及其在临盘地区的应用[J]. 石油钻探技术,2011,39(5):101−105. LUO Hengrong,ZOU Deyong,CAO Jifei,et al. Steerable PDC bit design and its application in Linpan area[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2011,39(5):101−105.

[9] 李树盛. PDC钻头工作原理及现代设计方法研究[D]. 成都：西南石油学院，1994.

LI Shusheng. Research on working principle and modern design method of PDC bit[D]. Chengdu：Southwest Petroleum Institute，1994.

[10] 王福修. PDC钻头布齿方法初探[J]. 石油钻采工艺,1993,15(3):29−33. WANG Fuxiu. Preliminary study on the method of bit tooth arrangement[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology,1993,15(3):29−33.

[11] 徐建飞,赵晓波. 硬地层定向PDC钻头个性化设计与应用[J]. 金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2014,34(3):57−61. XU Jianfei,ZHAO Xiaobo. Design and application of directional PDC bit in hard formation[J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2014,34(3):57−61.

[12] 武强,齐昌利,郭俊磊,等. 页岩油水平井高效PDC钻头设计及应用[J]. 设备管理与维修,2018(6):76−77. WU Qiang,QI Changli,GUO Junlei,et al. Design and application of high efficiency PDC bit for shale oil horizontal well[J]. Plant Maintenance Engineering,2018(6):76−77.

[13] 胡大梁,郭治良,李果,等. 川南威荣气田深层页岩气水平井钻头优选及应用[J]. 石油地质与工程,2019,33(5):103−107. HU Daliang,GUO Zhiliang,LI Guo,et al. Bit optimization and application of deep shale gas wells in Weirong gas field of southern Sichuan basin[J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2019,33(5):103−107.

[14] 孙荣军,石智军,李锁智. 煤矿井下定向钻进配套钻头的选型与使用[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(1):83−86. SUN Rongjun,SHI Zhijun,LI Suozhi. Selection and application of drill bit for directional drilling in underground coal mine[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2014,42(1):83−86.

[15] 郭东琼. 煤矿井下随钻测量定向钻进用PDC钻头的研制[J]. 金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2011,31(3):31−34. GUO Dongqiong. Development of PDC drill bits for MWD directional drilling in underground coal mine well[J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2011,31(3):31−34.

[16] 李树盛,马德坤,侯季康. PDC切削齿工作角度的精确计算与分析[J]. 西南石油学院学报,1996,18(4):67−72. LI Shusheng,MA Dekun,HOU Jikang. Precise calculation and analysis of working angles of PDC cutters[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,1996,18(4):67−72.

[17] 彭旭,郝世俊. 全尺寸PDC钻头复合冲击破岩机理的有限元分析[J]. 煤田地质与勘探,2021,49(2):240−246. PENG Xu,HAO Shijun. Rock breaking mechanism of composite impact of full−size PDC bit based on finite element analysis[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2021,49(2):240−246.

[18] 朱建玲. 石油钻头体五轴数控加工工艺分析[J]. 机电工程技术,2021,50(3):216−219. ZHU Jianling. Analysis of five–axis NC machining technology for petroleum drill body[J]. Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology,2021,50(3):216−219.

[19] 宋艳丽,麦丽菊,程俊. 基于NX12五轴定位的分流器基座铣削加工工艺设计[J]. 机床与液压,2020,48(19):152−155. SONG Yanli,MAI Liju,CHENG Jun. Milling process design of shunt base based on NX12 five−axis positioning[J]. Machine Tool & Hydraulics,2020,48(19):152−155.

[20] 屈平. PTA原位合成Ti(C，N)/金属复合涂层研究[D]. 保定：河北农业大学，2015.

QU Ping. Study on the in–situ synthesized Ti(C，N)/metal composite coatings by PTA[D]. Baoding：Agricultural University of Hebei，2015.

[21] 许可可. PTA增材制造设备与工艺研究[D]. 兰州：兰州理工大学，2017.

XU Keke. Research on equipment and technology of PTA additive manufacture[D]. Lanzhou：Lanzhou University of Technology，2017.

[22] 张烈华,王晋春,许林. 钢齿牙轮钻头表面敷焊材料的研究与应用[J]. 材料保护,2016,49(5):72−75. ZHANG Liehua,WANG Jinchun,XU Lin. Research on surface overlay materials for milled tooth cone bit and their applications[J]. Materials Protection,2016,49(5):72−75.